Machine for straightening tubes and for other uses.



L. D. DAVIS. MACHINE EOE STEAIGETENING TUBES AND EOE OTHER USES.

A APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. 1908. 9%?,71

Patented July 13, 1909.

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LEONARD D. DAVIS, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR STRAIGHTENING TUBES AN D FOR OTHER USES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 28,

Patented July 13, 1909.

1908. serial No. 429,660.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD D. Davis, a citizen of the United States7 residing at Erie, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Straightening' Tubes and for other Uses, of which the following is a specification7 illustrated by drawings.

The invention comprises a new mechanism or mechanical movement particularly applicable to straightening bars, tubes and rods in a heated state or in a cold state, and also obviously applicable to transverse swaging and transverse rolling of cylindrical bodies and to various other uses.

The prime object ofthe invention is to produce such a mechanism capable of having at will a combined orbital and rotatory movement of the faces or members that act upon the tubes or bodies that are to be treated, the orbital motion being about the axis ol the pass as a center and the rotatory motion being about a center or centers that is or are not coincident with the axis of the pass.

The invention in its preferable iorm also contemplates the separate control of each of these components of the motion and the means lor stopping one ot the components while continuing the other. Then the two components occur in opposite directions the combined ellect on the tube or body is aggregative so that a given speed ol action on the body may be produced with one halt the rotatory speed of cach of thc two components olt motion as compared with the ell'ect that could be produced by simple rotator-y motion.

The invention will readily be understood in one of its preferred forms as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the machine is shown as designed for straightening tubes and rods by cross rolling them with little or no swaging action and with slight rcduction in wall thickness during the straightening action.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section on the axis of the pass. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the plane 2-2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are cross sectional dctail views on the planes 3---3 and 4-4 of Fig. t. Fig. 5 is a cross section et' the housings shown in Fig. -t rotated ninety degrees from the position shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows a referred detail of construction.

At B are shown two housings which are mounted to severally rotate upon the pairs i of eccentrics O C and D D. These eccontrics are mounted upon and turn with the hollow sleeves E which are iournaled in the iixed frame or supports F ol the machine. These hollow sleeves E are coaxial with the pass ot' the machine and they are driven by gears G, Il, from the common counter-shaft J which in turn is driven at will from any suitable source ot' power. Vv'ithin the sleeves E are concentrically journaled the tubular shafts L which are turned by gears shown on their outer ends meshing with gears M on a counter-shalt N (F ig. 2) which is also driven from a suitable source of power at will. Colisequcntly the sleeves E act in unison and the sleeves L act in unison. The sleeves or hollow shal'ts L carry spur gears O which mesh with the internally toothed gears P rigidly secured to the respectivehousingsB B. Rotation of the gears O causes the housings to rotate upon their eccentrics C and D while on the other hand rotation ot the eccentrics with their hollow sleeves E while preventing rotation of the housings, produces an orbital movement ol' each housing in a small circular path the radius of which is ol course the eccentricity ol" the eccentric relatively to the axis olE the pass. AEither the inner or the outer sleeves may be held stationary while the others are rotated, and l have shown a special means lor holding the outer sleeves against rotation consisting ol collars Q rigid on the shalts E and each having` a removable pin Q lor connecting it to the trame-work ol' the machine so the sleeve cannot rotate. Many other means such as lmldiirg the counter-shafts lrom rotating may be substituted.

lVithin cach housing are carried the working faces that act upon the rod or bar in the pass. rlhese l have illustrated as plates li, of which there are four in each housing alternately placed and cast integrally with the housings. In these plates .lt the working faces are formed or mounted. They are shown as circular openings or dies forming cylindrical surfaces S in the plates or members R and they are slightly eccentric or exactly concentric with the centers ol the eccentrics C or D upon which the housing is mounted. Such ecceutricity ot these working laces will produce a slight radial movement between them and the bar as the housing is rotated. lt will be understood that a similar swaging e'llect would also be produced if the surfaces instead of being truly circular were polygons with many sides. there they are truly circular and concentric, a substantially perfect and pure rolling effect is produced. It will also be understood that from the front to the .rear of the pass these Wearing faces progressively encroach more and more on the pass so as to act progressively on the tube or other body that is being straightened. But this difference is not suiciently clear to appear in the drawings. Indeed, for straightening bars or tubes in a cold state the difference may not exceed a thirty-second ofvan inch throughout the pass. ln order to show the invention in the simplest form, l have illustrated these working faces as being formed in the plates or members R of the housings in Figs. 1 to 5, though l prefer to use removable and slightly adjustable dies, as illustrated in Fig. 6, wherein the screw bolts shown secure and also provide for a slight adjustment of the die block T. l have shown the working surfaces as or-,tagonal in this figure, and it will be understood that the adjusting bolts enable me to adjust the die so as to make it exactly concentric or slightly eccentric to the axis of rotation of the housing on its eccentrics.

The application of the mechanism is as follows: When the inner sleeves only are rotated and the outer sleeves and eccentrics held stationary, each housing rotates on its individual axis, which is the center of the eccentrics on which it is mounted, and during such rotation the inner or rolling surfaces of each die rolls upon the surface of the tube, as will be apparent from a study of Figs. l and 5, wherein a change of angular' position of ninety degrees of each of the housings is illustrated, assuming the eccentrics to be stationary. If the die surfaces are concentric with the two eccentrics of the housing, true rolling effect is produced without swaging. Eccentricity of the die surface will necessarily produce a swaging action. rlhe bar or tube, with or without a mandrel, is thrust into the pass in the usual way and is fed forward by the application of a longitudinal force in any way desired. The tube or bar, as soon as it is gripped by the first three dies, spins rapidly and is straightened by the alternate application of the rolling forces at opposite sides. If, now, the housings were not allowed to turn and the outer sleeves E were driven to rotate the eccentrics an orbital movement of the housings about the axis of the pass corresponding to the orbital movement lof the eccentrics, but without rotation, would take place. This exact effect will not be produced by holding the gears O stationary but they may be rotated at a speed and in a direction which will just overcome any tendency to cause rotation of the housings by the orbital movement. Preferably, however, both the orbital movement and the rotary movement are employed simultaneously, giving to each housing a motion partaking of both these components. lf the sleeves are rotated in opposite directions an aggregate combined effect is produced, giving a high speed effect with only one half the speed of rotation of any one of the rotary parts as compared with the speed that would be required to act on all sides of the tube the same number of times by the rotation of the housing only.

lt will be understood that the proportions of the machine will be widely varied for various uses to which the mechanism may be put, and that for swaging and reducing the thickness of wall of tubes in a heated state various appropriate shapes of the die surfaces will be utilized. l wish to protect the new mechanism as applicable to any and all uses with the appropriate and obvious variations in form and proportion of the parts therefor.

l claim and lesire to secure the following:

l. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housings turn7 means for revolving the housings upon the eccentrics, means for revolving the eccentrics, and means carried by the housings for acting on the body to be treated.

2. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housings turn, means for revolving the housings upon the eccentrics, means for revolving the eccentrics, .means carried. by the housings for acting on the body to be treated, and means for holding `the eccentrics stationary.

3. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housings turn, rotary hollow sleeves connected to rotate the eccentrics and the housings respectively and mounted coaxially with the pass, means for actuating said sleeves, and means carried by the housings for acting on the body to be treated.

4. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housings turn, one or more hollow sleeves for carrying and actuating the said eccentrics, one or more hollow sleeves connected for actuating the housings, and means for actuating the sleeves.

5. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of housings and means carried thereby for acting upon the body to be treated, eccentrics disposed at different angular positions relatively to the axis of the pass of the machine, and upon which the housings are mounted to turn, and means for driving the respective housings upon the said eccentrics.

6. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of housings and means carried thereby for acting upon the body to be treated, eccentrics disposed at different angular positions relatively to the axis of the pass of the machine and upon which the housings are mounted to turn, means for driving the respective housings upon the said eecentrics, and means for revolving the eccentrics about the axis of the pass as a center.

7. A machine for straightening cylindrical bodies and other uses, having plurality of housings and means carried thereby for acting upon the body to be treated, eccentrics disposed at different angular positions relatively to the axis of the pass of the machine and upon which the housings are mounted, and means for revolving the eccentrics about the axis of the pass and relatively to the housings, whereby an orbital movement is given to the housings.

S. In a machine for straightening or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, the comb ination of a housing, an eccentric on which the housing turns, a tubular shaft or sleeve on which the eccentric is mounted, a concentric tubular shaft or sleeve for turning the housing on its said eccentric, and means for actuating the shafts or sleeves.

9. In a machine for straightening or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, the combination of a housing carrying dies or means for acting' on the body to be treated, two concentric tubular shafts coaxial with the pass of the machine, an eccentric actuated by one said shaft and on which the housing is mounted te turn, and connections from the other said shaft for turning the housing.

l0. In a machine for straightening or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, the means for actuating one or more dies or members for acting on the body to be treated, comprising a housing in which the said one or more dies or members are mounted, means for adjusting the dies relatively to the axis of rotation of the housing, means for rotating the housing upon an axis eccentric to the axis of the machine, and means for continuously revolving such axis of rotation about the axis of the pass and imparting orbital motion to the housing simultaneously with its rotation.

11. In a machine for straightening or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, the means for actuating one or more dies or members for acting on the body to be treated, comprising a housing in which the said one or more dies or members are mounted, means for adjusting the dies relatively to the axis of rotation of the housing, means for rotating the housing upon an axis eccentric to the axis of the machine, means for continuously revolving such axis of rotation about the axis of the pass and imparting orbital motion to the housing simultaneously with its rotation, and another housing coacting with the 'first housing and having means for giving orbital and rotary motions to it.

12. In a machine for straightening or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, a housingI provided with hollow rotary shafts concentric with each other and with the pass of the machine, connections therefrom for giving respectively orbital and rotatory motions to the housing, and means for driving the said shafts.

13. In a machine for straightening or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, a housing provided with hollow rotary shafts concentric with each other and with the pass of the machine, connections therefrom for giving respectively orbital and rotatory motions to the housing, means for driving the said shafts, and a die or working member adjustably mounted in the housing and having means for adjusting it toward and from the axis of rotation of the housing for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, April 22, 1908.

LEONARD D. DAVIS.

fitnesses E. VAN ZANDT, E. P. LA GAY. 

